Leiomyoma in the space of Retzius: a rare location

Extrauterine locations of leiomyomas are extremely rare clinical conditions as in the case of space of Retzius. Space of Retzius is a small anatomical compartment located posterior to the pubic symphysis and anterior to the urinary bladder. Here authors report a very unique case of 22-year-old woman presented to the study hospital with complaints of inability to conceive and difficulty in urination. Clinical examination and imaging of pelvis suggest leiomyoma of uterus located between lower part of anterior uterine wall and bladder. An attempt to remove the tumour laparoscopically was taken but later it was converted into open laparotomy due to unusual location of leiomyoma. Histopathology revealed the tumour to be a leiomyoma.

Outcomes of induction in trial of labor after cesarean delivery

Background: The objective of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of induction of labor in women attempting trial of labor after cesarean delivery and to compare maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in women who were induced to those delivering spontaneously.Methods: The prospective study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in collaboration with the Neonatal Section, Department of Pediatrics at J.N. Medical College and Hospital, AMU Aligarh. The sample included 280 women with one previous cesarean section, of whom 130 women underwent induction of labor (study group) and 150 were admitted with spontaneous onset of labor. Prostaglandin gel and intracervical Foley’s were used for cervical ripening in the study group. Indication of cesarean section, mode of delivery, maternal and neonatal outcome were studied in between groups.Results: Overall rate of vaginal delivery after cesarean section was 45.3% and 56% in both study and control group respectively. The rate of cesarean section were higher in women who were induced and having unfavorable cervix. Maternal and neonatal morbidity were not significantly higher as compared in both groups, however one case of scar rupture was found in study group.Conclusions: Induction of labor in women with previous cesarean section had higher rates of cesarean section however it does not adversely affect neonatal and maternal morbidity. Overall vaginal birth is safe and effective in women with previous cesarean section by prostaglandin gel or intracervical Foley’s. Authors cautiously suggest, induction of labor should be considered in preselected patient with strict monitoring.

Pulmonary function in advanced uncomplicated singleton and twin pregnancy / Função pulmonar em mulheres com gestação única ou gemelar avançada e sem complicações

Objective: Pregnancy brings about significant changes in respiratory function, as evidenced by alterations in lung volumes and capacities, which are attributable to the mechanical impediment caused by the growing foetus. This study was undertaken in order to identify changes in respiratory function during normal pregnancy and to determine whether such changes are more pronounced in twin pregnancy than in singleton pregnancy. Methods: Respiratory function was assessed in 50 women with twin pregnancies and in 50 women with singleton pregnancies (during the third trimester in both groups), as well as in 50 non-pregnant women. We measured the following pulmonary function test parameters: FVC; FEV1; PEF rate; FEV1/FVC ratio; FEF25-75%; and maximal voluntary ventilation. Results: All respiratory parameters except the FEV1/FVC ratio were found to be lower in the pregnant women than in the non-pregnant women. We found no significant differences between women with twin pregnancies and those with singleton pregnancies, in terms of respiratory function. Conclusions: Despite its higher physiological demands, twin pregnancy does not appear to impair respiratory function to any greater degree than does singleton pregnancy. .

Objetivo: A gravidez traz mudanças significativas na função respiratória, evidenciada por alterações nos volumes e capacidades pulmonares, que são atribuíveis ao impedimento mecânico causado pelo feto em crescimento. Este estudo foi realizado a fim de identificar alterações na função respiratória durante a gravidez normal e determinar se tais alterações são mais pronunciadas em gestação gemelar que em gestação única. Métodos: Foi avaliada a função respiratória de 50 mulheres com gestações gemelares e de 50 mulheres com gestações únicas (durante o terceiro trimestre em ambos os grupos), bem como de 50 mulheres não grávidas. Medimos os seguintes parâmetros de função pulmonar: CVF, FEV1, taxa do PFE, relação VEF1/CVF, FEF25-75% e ventilação voluntária máxima. Resultados: Todos os parâmetros, exceto a relação VEF1/CVF, foram menores nas mulheres grávidas do que nas mulheres não grávidas.Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre as mulheres com gestações gemelares e aquelas com gestações únicas em relação à função respiratória. Conclusões: Apesar das demandas fisiológicas maiores da gestação gemelar, essa não parece causar um comprometimento maior da função respiratória do que a gestação única. .